Excavating machine



July 7, 1931. F. A. BUCKLAND I 1,312,926

' EXCAVATING MACHINE Filed Nov. 5, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l INV ENTORZ'JATTOZW y 7, 1931- F. A. BUCKLAND 1,312,926

EXCAVATING MACHINE Filed Nov. 5, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 7 lmfyon 4; T v.51 4(nroW Patented July 7, 1931 emr are; sear leis. m EM? osereie:

- increase the efficiency; of; machines of; this-Q- FPJANK BUCRIIAND} OFROCHESTER, new" 2021:"

- EXCAVMINGQMKUBINE Application:fil'edeNovemberis, v19292 Seri'ahN'oL4852037;

The. I present invention relates, to digging; and excavating machinesand ,has fer; its obiectitoi prov de improved. in cans, by, WilltllhtO.

' rifurther obj eetot thezinveiition viseto P1307 videx imrp rovem cutsin the driving; mechanism for urging the buckets. or? digging;im1ile.-nlents 'intoc-thecdifi'erent .inaterials tobe openated upon log-machinesoflt 'isvtype A further obj ect of i. the inv ntion'is r-to. profvideimprovements in.thezoperating-.andccoiri trol eneans for digging-%in1plemeritsr of exca va'tingi machines andthe like,

A. further object-of; the. invention iseto' provide in" adigging onexcavating machine ofthe bucket W9 5imgrovedimeansforonening'the'buc-kets an cl for locking, them against;opening beyond a predetermined. POSl-tlOIlJ To these and other endstlie-v invention-mes sides in certain improvements,and: combinar-'tionsg'of parts, all willibehereijiafter more; fu'lly descril'ied, thenovel.) atures being;

' pointedont'in the claimsratthis endlof the-l.

specification-r Ii thedraavings:

Fig. 11: is a side elevation of an apparatus embodying one form of the.invention with the bucket-sections shown in open; position;

1 7ig.,. 2 an elevation. of. the. apparatus shown in Fig.1 as viewedfrom theeright-ofthisiigu-re; v

Fig.=3 is atransverse section takenion line F 4-- is a view similar toFig. the buckets in closed ps1t1on;

F 5 is a sectlonal elevation drawn-entail;

I enlarged scale and taken .on line, 5a. 5(u0f Fig. 6 is astransversesection, taken on line:

oft Figz'i; I

7' Fig. 7; is a transverse section: drawnato an enlargedscale and takenon: line-Ta-fla of Fig. 4,-andr v.

Fig. 8 is afragmentary sidexe'levatiorrtoia-. slightly modified form ofv bucket support ing means. 7 p

$imilar're-ference numerals throughoutthe several views indicatethessameipartsh il' ith the usual' type of excavating ma chines tliebuckets. or digging implements aresuspended; from arboom by aaca-bl'eanddropped bygtheira own weight against the: ground. toecanse theteeth of.theubuckets. to penetratethe material. to-be loosened andl ree movedbythe" buckets; This :methodof ex -c caa 'a-tin g, ind um-any cases,dIRSpbGQIlsfDllH-d: 11-111 satisfactory and. this is; particularly true;Where. the machines are used. for breaking; up and: removing"; variousrelatively: hard. andpacked. materials such as asphalt, grave-landthe'like.

In the presentv invention I 1 have rovided, improvements bywhiehtodeliver a raRid: succession of. blows directly; to the buckets ordigging implementsswhereby toavoid the: transmissionof the drivingforces to the. b uclcets through relativelymovableparts and! from.points. remote fromthe bucket-s.- v In this \vay ligi-iovidea-verypractical and e1.- ficient digging apparatus in-Whichthereis.- no. lossof power? between the driving means and. theimplements :thGInSGlVES. By.means: of: the impmovements of the present apparatus; the A teeth of.the digging; implements f cam minimum amountof. time, bemade. to,eflective ly penetrate the materialto be: broken-orloose-ned wherebythefnsefulness and" the; efliiency ofmachines 1 of this I class isincreased to a considerable degree;

Referringto therdrawings; the bucket I seetions: are indicated at 10,each ofwhich .includesaiplurality of teeth or cuttinggelements.12Lsuitably secured to a i reinforcing. member 11 loeatedfatthe bottomof the bucket. One ofi'the bucket sec-tions'is provided with a pair ofarms I3 andth'e opposite section -with similar'arms 14.1 Betl1 'setso'f'arms are mounted.

v to swingup'on'a'pivotal sup-port151'asshown.

in-Figr A supportingframefor'tlie buck et-s comprises a" head- 16carrying depending elements-fiend 18; the'former being-shownrig-idlyconnected wi'tli thehea'd b'y a= p lu=- rality ofi'ri vets or'b0lts- 19," While the; latteris connected iwithltheheadiby.2L.pi"VOtTpiI1.20.l--

If'preferred bothaof. saidelements may be I pivotally connected wviththehead as; shown in- Mgr-8; in :WlllC-ll the'leftihand element 17a istaduplicate of'the right-handHelementlS. At the opposite sides of each ofsaid elements direction ford relative movement are parts formingconnections for supporting the individual bucket sections. These partsare indicated at 21 and are forked at their 7 lower ends to afford innerand outer bearing members 22 and 23 respectively for receiving the pivotpins 24 which extend through lugs 25 and 26 on a reinforcing member 27secure lye connected with the bucket sections, pref.-

erably by means of rivetsor bolts 28'. The

parts 21 have their upper ends pivot-ally secured at 29 to collars 30sleeved upon the supporting elements 17Iand l8 and permit ting relativelongitudmal movement between the latter and the connections 21. Theextent of this movement upon the support 17 is limited in one directionby a stop 31 suit-,

secured onthe support andin the other by the head 16, it beingunderstood that the left hand collar 30, Fig. 1, is free ably to slidevertically between said stops toaf; between the support.

and the connections 21. Relative movement between the opposite support18 and the connections 21 thereon is limited by the upper and lowerstops 32 and 33 between which the collar 30 is free to slide. In themodification shown in'Fig. 8 the stops and movable parts on the support17 a have been given the same reference characters as 'the correspondingparts on the support 18.

In order to hold the supports and connections in proper alinement underall conditions of operation, the former are provided with '37, Fig. 2.,

longitudinally extending guides 34 for receiving the inner bearingportions 21a of the connections, the guides being preferably in the formof angle bars secured to the support in any suitable-manner. The bearingportions 21a'terminate short of the upper ends of the connections asindicated at 35 in Fig. 2. The

lower ends of the supports are each slidably mounted in a collar 36preferably formed integral with the bearing portions 21a of theconnections and also with the outer side portions thereof by means of atie member Mounted on the pivotal support 15 is a bracket 38 carrying atits upper end a pair of pulleys 39 for receiving the lifting cable 40.

The lower end 41 of the cable is suitably connected with the head 16,preferably'to a pivot pin 42 supported by the head and on which isrotatably mounted a pulley 43 shown by,

dotted lines in Fig; 1. The cableis extended downwardly from 'the headaround one ofthe pulleys 39 and then upwardly around the pulley 43 andback around the other pulley 39, from which it is carried upwardlythrough the head between two rollers 44, only one of which is shown. Therollers are supported ,bylugs 45 and 46 carriedby the head which isrecessed to receive the rollers and other parts. The cable 40 is alsoextended between a pair'of transversely extending rollers 47 7 and 48carried by the head above the rollers 44. r v V The upper end of thecable as will be understood' is extended over a pulley on the boom ofthe excavating machine proper (not shown) and'is wound on a poweroperated drum in the usual manner.

I The driving meansfor the bucket sections is of the fluid pressureoperated type and is mounted on the lifting frame which includes thehead 16 and the depending supports 17 and 18. The supports are eachprovided with a piston chamber 49 in which pistons 50 operate toreciprocate the hammer or ram 51 for thepurpose of delivering asuccession of blows to a portion 52 of the anvil which rests looselyuponacentral abutment53 constituting the remaining portion of the anvil andwhich is secured on the reinforcing plate 27 of the bucket asbe'stshownin Fig, 5. Steam or compressed air for operating the hammer isadmitted to the opposite ends of the chamber 49 through ports 54 and 55controlled by-suitable valves 56and 57 operatner and to which the fluidis admitted under the control of the operator of-the machine. The parts52 and 53 are to be considered as the complete anvil, although theyconstitute separate elements whereby to permit the bucket sectionstoswing on'the connections 21 while moving-to and from closed position.

In the digging operations, assuming that the bucketsare in the positionshown'in 1, operation of the hammers is'begun and at about the same timean upward wpull is exerted on the cable 40 to gradually move the bucketstoward each other whereby a combined digging-and scooping action isafforded. The rapid delivery of the blows of the 1 hammers directly tothe bucket sections while the latter are being advanced toward eachother serves to insure movement of the same to a sufiicient depth toobtain a maximum load'in a minimum amount of time.

It will be understood that during operation of the hammers theconnections 21 and the supports or cylinders in which the hammers aremounted are free to move longitudinally one with respect to another byreason of the play afforded for the collars 30 between the upper andlower stops on the supports.

lVhere one of the depending supports or frame members is rigidly fixedto'the head 1 16 as in the case of the support 17 a bracing andsteadying effect is afforded at the point of connection ofthe bucketwith the support and thebucket is thereby more firmly held duringpenetration of the material to be opi erated on. This results in a morepositive action-and a consequent increase in the depth of the cut isafiorded. This arrangement is advantageous under certain conditions ofoperation and particularly where the mamg in a valve casing 58 in a wellknown man-' chinelis usedin the breaking upof-relativelyhard material.Under otheror morefavorable conditions of operation'as when the materialto be excavated is relatively'softor loose, it may be preferable topivotallyconnect both of the depending supports 18 with the head 16 asshown in Fig. 8.

It hasbeen found advantageous toemploy means for positively adordingrelative movement between the bucket sections to insure opening of thesame at the proper time by swinging one relative to the other. Ihavetherefore provided means for this purpose arranged to be "poweractuated and under the control of the operator of the excavatingmachine. Incarrying out this idea, I provide extensions 59 on the arms1a of the right hand bucket as best shown in Figs. 8 and 4. Pivotedtoeach of these extensions at 60 is a lever'6l, the levers having theirouterends connected by a transverse simultaneously operated "means ofthe cable 63. 'ried around a pulley 67 and upwardlythrough member 62whereby topermit the levers to be by means of a cable 63 connected withsaid member. Each extension 59 is provided with a shoulder or abutment64 and each leveris provided with two angularly disposed portions 65 and66. When the buckets are .in the position shown in Fig. 1 the portion 66of each lever cooperates with the shoulderli l of each extension to:prevent further opening of the bucketsin a manner hereinafter described.With the buckets in the closed position shown in Fig. t the portions65of the levers engage the abutments 64 ofthe extensions and it will beseen that if the cable 63 is held and the lifting cable 40 released tolower the buckets, the result-ant action will be the opening of thebuckets, due to the pressure exerted by the portions 65 of the lever-supon the shoulders 64 of the-arm extensions 59. In other words, theetlectwill bethe same-as if thecable 40 were held while exerting aclownward pull on the upper end ofthe levers by The cable .63 iscarthehead l6 between the lower rollers 44 and the upper rollers 47 and 47a.The cable 68 passes through a lug 68 of the head which forms a stop fora ball-shape member 69 secured to the cable to limit the upward movementof the levers 61. The levers in the position shown in Fig. 1 constitutelockingmeans for holding the bucketsto limit e the outward movement ofthe teeth 12 whereby they are held in substantial alinement with'thehammers 51 and-approximately at right angles to the ground at thebeginning ofthe digging operation. I

Asstated above the cable 63 is preferably power operated, being extendedover a pulley on the boom of the machine not shown) and wound on apowerdriven drum under the :control of the operator. It will be seentherefore that both cables may be slackened at .the same time or bothraisedlsimultaneously and that either may be held andthe other releasedwhen desired. It will be further seen that the levers 61 function bothto open the buckets to efiect release of the load and to lock the sameagainst being opened beyond the position shown in Fig. l.

I claim as my invention:

1. In apparatus of the class descrbied, the combination ofa plurality ofdigging implements, a supporting frame uponwhich the implements aremounted to swing, an anvil mounted directly on each implement,individual power operated hammers on the supporting frame each arranged.to deliver a succession of blows to one of the anvils and meansiorswinging the implements upon said supporting frame.

2. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a ments, aframe upon whichthe implements are mounted to swing, a support pivotallyconnecting the implements, an anvil directly associated with eachimplement, individual power operated hammers on the frame each arrangedto deliver a succession 01 blows to one of said anvils andmeans'connected with the support for actuating the same to swing theimplements upon the frame.

3. In apparatus of the class described, the

combination of a pair of digging implements,

a supportupon which one of the implements is pivotally mounted for aswinging movement toward and from the other, an anvil directlyassociated with the implement with which the support-is connected, apower operated hammer on said support for delivering a successionofblows to the anvil and means for movingsaid implements one relative toanother.

4. In-apparatus of the class described, the combination of apair ofdigging implements, relatively movable supports on which said implementsare pivotally mounted to swing toward and from each other, an anvildirectlyassociated with one of the implements, a power operated hammeron the support with which the implement having the anvil. is connected,said hammer being arranged to deliver a succession of blows directly tosaid anvil and means for swinging the implements one toward another.

5. 'Inapparatus of the class described, the combination of a pair ofpivotally connected digging implements, supportsextending upwardly fromsaid implements and upon which the implements are arranged to swing, afluid pressure'operated hammer mounted on one of the supports andarranged to deliver a succession of blows directly to the implement withwhich the lastmentioned support is connected, means connecting the upperends of said supports and upon which one if the supports is free toswing and means plurality of digging .implefor swinging the implementsupon the supimplement, and means for moving the im plements relative tosaid supports. 7

7. .Inapparatus of the class described, the combination of a pair ofdigging implements, parts upon which the implements are mounted formovement one toward another, additional parts connected with the firstmen tioned parts for movement longitudinally thereof and arranged tohave a limited sliding movement thereon, means pivotally connecting saidadditional parts and means for moving the implements one toward anotherupon said first mentioned parts.

8. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pair ofpivotally connected digging implements, supporting devices for theimplements each comprising elements having a limited movement onelongitudinally of another, means connecting said supporting devices, apower operated hammer on one of the supporting elements for eachimplement arranged to deliver a'succession of blows to the implementsand means for raising the supporting devices and the implementsconnected therewith.

9. 111 apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pair ofdigging implements, a. pivotal support for the implements, elementsextending upwardly from the-implements on which they are mounted toswing, additional elements slidably connected with the first mentionedelements and having a limited movement longitudinally thereof, asupporting member for the second mentioned elements'on which one of saidelements is mounted for a swingingmovement, a pulley on saidsupporting'member, a. pair of pulleys connected with said pivotalsupport, a cable having one end anchored upon saic supporting member andextending around said pulleys and upwardly from the supporting member,and power operated driving hammers for the implements arranged to bereciprocated. on the second mentioned elements. 7 I I 10. In apparatusof the class described,the

combination ofa pairof digging implements,

a pivotal support for the implements, elements extending upwardlyfromthe implements on which they are mounted to swing, additionalelements sli-dably connected with the first mentioned elements andhaving a limited movement longitudinally thereof, a

supporting member for the second mentioned elements on which one of saidelements is 11. In an excavating machine, the con1- bination of a pairof pivotally connected buckets, relatively movable supporting de vicesfor the buckets on which they are mounted to swing, fluid pressureoperated driving means for one of thebuckets carried by the supportingdevices thereto-r, means for swinging the buckets to closed position andmeans for opening the buckets.

12. In an excavating machine, the combination of a pair of pivotallyconnected buckets, relatively movable supporting devices for the bucketson which they are mounted to. swing, fluid pressure operated hammers onsaid devices arranged to deliver a succession of blows directly to thebuckets, means tor-swinging the buckets to closed position and means foropening the buckets comprising a lever pivotally mounted on one of thebuckets and arranged to cooperate therewith to move said bucket to openposition, and operating means for said lever.

13(In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pair ofpivotally connected buckets, relatively movable supporting devices onwhich the buckets are mounted to swing, a fluid pressure operated hammerfor one ofthe buckets carried by the supporting device therefor, a leverpivotally mounted on one of the buckets, an abutment on said bucket withwhich the lever is adapted to cooperate to effect movement of the bucketfrom a closed to an open position, and means for operating the lever.

14. In apparatus of the class-described, the combination of a pairrofpivotally connected buckets, relativcly"movable supporting devices onwhich the buckets are mounted to swing, fluid pressure opera-ted drivinghammers for the buckets carried by said supporting devices, means forraising and swinging the buckets to closed position, a lever pivotallymounted on one of the buckets, an abutment on said bucket with which thelever is adapted to cooperate to effect opening of the buckets when thelever is swung in one direction, andoperating means for the lever.

15. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pair ofpivotally connected buckets, relatively movable supporting devices onwhich the buckets are mounted to swing, a fluid pressure operated hammerfor Cir v on said buckets, fluid I operating combination of i 'osition aair of levers one of the buckets carried by the supporting devicetherefor, a lever pivotally mounted on one of the buckets, an abutmenton said bucket with which the lever is arranged to cooperate to effectmovement of the bucket from a closed to an open position, means foroperating the lever, and a part on one of said supporting devicesarranged to cooperate with the operating means to limit the extent ofmovement of said bucket when swinging to open position.

16. In apparatusof the class described, the combination of a pair ofpivotally connected digging implements, relatively movable supportingdevices on Which the implements are mounted to swing to and from openposition, a power operated hammer for one of the implements mounted onthe supporting device therefor, means for moving the implements toclosed position, means for moving the implements to open position,including relatively movable cooperating parts on one of the im'plements, an operating member for one of said parts and means on one ofsaid supporting devices arranged to cooperate with said member to limitthe extent of movement of the implements when moving to open position.

17. In apparatus of the class described, the

a pair of swingingly mounted buckets, members on which the buckets aremounted to swing extending upwardly therefrom, a supporting part foreach of said 'members having a limited sliding movement thereommeansconnecting said parts permitting one to swing relative to the other,anvils pressure opera-ted hammers each arranged to deliver a successionof blows to one of the anvils, means connected with the buckets formoving them to closed pivotally mounted on one of the buckets, abutmentson said bucket with which the levers are arranged to cooperate to effectopening of the buckets, a cable operatively connected with the levers,an abutment on thecable and means on one of V the supporting partsarranged to cooperate with, the abutment on the cable to limit thebuckets when swinging to open position.

18. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pair ofpivotally connected digging implements, a support for each implementincludinga part pivotally connected therewith and an additional parthaving a limited sliding movement upon said pivoted part, a headconnecting said additional parts one of which parts is pivoted upon thehead, and means connected with the'implements and the head for raisingand lowering the 7 same.

plement including a part pivotally connected 19. In apparatus of theclass described, the

therewith and an additional part having a limited sliding movement uponsaid pivoted part, a head connecting said additional parts one of whichparts is pivoted upon the head, and power operated driving means for oneof the implements carried by the support therefor. v

20. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pluralityof pivotally connected digging implements, supports upon which theimplements are pivotally mounted, connecting means for the supportspermitting one to move relative to the other, power operated drivingmeans for one of the imple ments mounted upon the support therefor, andmeans for raising and lowering the implements.

21. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pluralityof digging implements connected for movement to another, relativelymovable supporting devices for said implements on which the latter arearranged to swing, one of the implements having a portion forming ananvil, a power operated driving member on the supporting device for thelast mentioned implement arranged to deliver a succession of blows tothe anvil, and means for raising and lowering said supporting devicesand the implements connected therewith.

22. In apparatus of the class described, the combination of a pluralityof pivotally connected digging implements, supports upon which theimplements are pivotally mounted,

connecting means for the supports permitting for moving it in adirection away from an other.

FRANK A. BUOKLAN D.

one relative

